وقوع ویروس موزائیک گوجه‌فرنگی آلوده‌کننده کدوئیان در برخی از استان‌های ایران

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 فارغ التحصیل کارشناسی‌ارشد گروه بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران

2 استادیار گروه بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران

چکیده

چکیده
    ویروس موزائیک گوجه‌فرنگی Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) یکی از مخرب‌ترین ویروس‌های آلوده‌کننده سبزیجات می‌باشد. این تحقیق به‌منظور برآورد وضعیت پراکنش ToMV در برخی از کدوئیان شامل خیار، کدو و هندوانه صورت گرفت. برای این منظور طی سال‌های 1387 تا 1389 از چندین مزرعه از استان‌های مختلف کشور نمونه‌برداری انجام شد. نمونه‌های برگی از بوته‌های علائم‌دار انتخاب و با استفاده از روش الیزای مستقیم مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. نمونه‌هایی که آلوده تشخیص داده شدند برای ادامه کار انتخاب شدند. تعیین دامنه میزبانی با استفاده از مایه‌زنی مکانیکی گیاهان محک انجام شد. تأیید آلودگی نمونه‌ها با استفاده از آزمون مولکولی RT-PCR و با Total RNA استخراج شده از نمونه‌ها انجام شد. این آزمون به روش semi-nested RT-PCR و با استفاده از آغازگر عمومی توباموویروس‌ها و آغازگر اختصاصی مربوط به گونه ToMV انجام پذیرفت. باند مورد انتظار معادل 675 جفت باز برای نمونه‌های آلوده به‌دست آمد. نتایج آزمون‌های الیزا، زیست‌سنجی و RT-PCR وجود ویروس موزائیک گوجه‌فرنگی را در کدوئیان مختلف شامل خیار و کدو مسمای از مراغه، هندوانه از ارومیه، خیار از زاهدان و رودان و کدو مسمائی از ورامین اثبات نمود. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد کدوئیان کاشته شده در ایران به ویروس موزائیک گوجه‌فرنگی آلوده می‌باشند و لازم است که در اتخاذ برنامه‌های مدیریت کنترل بیماری‌های کدوئیان اجرای اصول مبارزه با ToMV نیز مدنظر قرار گیرد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Tomato Mosaic Virus Occurrence Infecting Cucurbits In Some Provinces of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Athar Alishiri 1
  • Farshad Rakhshandehroo 2
1 M. A. Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Tomato mosaic virus is one of the most damaging viruses infecting vegetable crops. This study was conducted to estimate the distribution of ToMV in some cucurbit plants including cucumber, squash and watermelon. Toward this aim, during the years 2008 to 2010 samples were taken from numbers of cucurbit cultivations of different provinces of Iran. Leaf samples were selected from symptomatic plants and tested with DAS-ELISA method. Samples with positive reaction with antisera in ELISA were further selected for subsequent assays. Bioassay was done using with the herbaceous host plants and mechanical inoculations. RT-PCR was done with the total RNA extracted from the leaf samples. Samples were amplified by semi-nested RT-PCR using with the universal tobamovirus primer and Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) specific primer pairs. A desired DNA fragment with a size about 675 bp was amplified for ToMV infected plants. Results of the ELISA, RT-PCR tests and bioassay confirmed the presence of ToMV in different cucurbit crops as follow: cucumber and squash in Maragheh district, watermelon in Orumia district, cucumber in Zahedan and Roodan districts and squash in Varamin district. Results of this study indicated that cultivated cucrbits in Iran are infected with ToMV. It is necessary to consider the ToMV control management strategy in general control management scheme for cucurbit plants.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cucurbits
  • Tomato mosaic virus
  • Incidence
  • Semi-nested RT-PCR

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