بررسی تنوع اگزون 4 ژن هورمون رشد و ارتباط آن با صفات شیر و چندقلوزایی در بزهای خلخالی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده مهندسی علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده مهندسی علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی در ژن هورمون رشد و ارتباط آن با تولید شیر و چندقلوزایی در 120 رأس از بزهای شیری خلخالی انجام گرفت. برای انجام این مطالعه از روش PCR-SSCP جهت شناسایی الگوهای مختلف و توالی‌یابی جایگاه موردنظر استفاده شد. نتایج این مطالعه منجر به شناسایی 4 الگوی مختلف در اگزون 4 ژن هورمون رشد گردید که با بررسی توالی‌‌های حاصل از الگوهای مختلف منجر به شناسایی پنج جهش شد که ایجادکننده 4 هاپلوتیپ I، II، III و IV با فراوانی به‌ترتیب 24/0، 46/0، 17/0 و 13/0 بود. آنالیز ارتباط اثر هاپلوتیپ‌های شناسایی شده با صفات تولیدی نشان داد که هاپلوتیپ­های مختلف تأثیر معنی‌داری بر صفات میزان تولید شیر، درصد چربی، درصد پروتئین داشته (p <0.05) در‌حالی‌که تأثیری بر روی صفات  درصد لاکتوز و میزان مواد جامد شیر نداشت. هم‌چنین تنوع نوکلئوتیدی و هاپلوتیپی شناسایی شده باعث ایجاد واریانس در صفت چندقلوزایی می‌شود به‌طوری‌که حیوانات با هاپلوتیپ II بیش‌ترین میزان چندقلوزایی (159/2) و هاپلوتیپ IV کم‌ترین میزان چندقلوزایی (40/1) را داشتند. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که هاپلوتیپ II برای صفت چندقلوزایی و هاپلوتیپ‌های I، II و IV برای صفات تولید شیر و ترکیبات آن می‌تواند یک نشانگر ژنتیکی مناسب به‌شمار رود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of Diversity in Exon 4 of Growth Hormone Gene and Relationship with Milk traits and Litter Size in Khalkhali Goats

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nemat Hedayat Evrigh 1
  • Zahra Norouzi 2
  • Reza Seyed Sharifi 1
  • Hossein Abdi 1
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resource, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 MSc Student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resource, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was performed to investigate genetic variation of growth hormone gene and association analysis on important traits in Khalkhali dairy goats. PCR-SSCP method and Sanger sequencing were used for genotyping. In total, four different Polymorphic SSCP patterns were detected in the amplified region that leads to identify 5 mutations in exon 4 of growth hormone gene. In total we observed four haplotypes that were related to the polymorphic patterns. The frequency of haplotypes I, II, III and IV were 0.24, 0.46, 0.17 and 0.13, respectively. The results showed significant effect of   haplotypes on milk yield, milk fat and protein percentage of Khalkhali goat (p < 0.05), but there is no association with milk lactose and solid matter percentage (p < 0.05). Variations observed in this study made effective difference in litter size. Animals with haplotype II showed the most litter size with 2.159 kids in average and haplotype IV has the lowest with 1.40 kids per animal. The results of this study indicated that haplotype II (for litter size) and haplotypes IV, II, I (for milk yield and milk composition) could be considered as a marker in marker-assisted selection for improving the traits in khalkhali goats.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Haplotype
  • Growth hormone gene
  • Milk traits
  • Litter size
  • Khalkhali goats
Abdelmoneim, T. S., Brooks, P. H., Afifi, M. and Swelum, A. A. 2016. Sequencing of growth hormone gene for detection of polymorphisms and their relationship with body weight in Harri sheep. Indian Journal of Animal Research, 51(2): 205-211.
Alakilli, S. Y., Mahrous, K. F., Salem, L. M. and Ahmed, E. S. 2012. Genetic polymorphism of five genes associated with growth traits in goat. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(82): 14738-14748.
An, X., Hou, J., Wang, L., Li, G., Wang, J., Song, Y. and Cao, B. 2010. Novel polymorphisms of the growth hormone gene and their effect on growth traits in Chinese goats. Meat Science, 86(3): 758-763.
Ayuk, J. and Sheppard, M. 2006. Growth hormone and its disorders. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 82(963): 24-30.
Bahrami, A., Behzadi, S., Miraei-Ashtiani, S., Roh, S. G., and Katoh, K. 2013. Genetic polymorphisms and protein structures in growth hormone, growth hormone receptor, ghrelin, insulin-like growth factor 1 and leptin in Mehraban sheep. Gene, 527(1): 397-404.
Balogh, O., Kovács, K., Kulcsár, M., Gáspárdy, A., Zsolnai, A., Kátai, L. and Huszenicza, G. 2009. AluI polymorphism of the bovine growth hormone (GH) gene, resumption of ovarian cyclicity, milk production and loss of body condition at the onset of lactation in dairy cows. Theriogenology, 71(4): 553-559.
Bartke, A., Sun, L. Y. and Longo, V. 2013. Somatotropic signaling trade-offs between growth, reproductive development, and longevity. Physiological Reviews, 93(2): 571-98.
Bemji, M., Isa, A., Ibeagha-Awemu, E. and Wheto, M. 2018. Polymorphisms of caprine GnRHR gene and their association with litter size in West African Dwarf goats. Molecular Biology Reports, 45(1): 63-69.
Dettori, M. L., Rocchigiani, A. M., Luridiana, S., Mura, M. C., Carcangiu, V., Pazzol, A. M. and Vacca, G. M. 2013. Growth hormone gene variability and its effects on milk traits in primiparous Sarda goats. Journal of Dairy Research, 80(03): 255-262.
Dovlati, v., Hedayat Evrigh, N., Nikbin, S., Behmaram, R., Fathi, B. and Seid Sharifi, R. 2017. Sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of the exon 9 of Prolactin receptor gene in Khalkhali goat. Animal Science Journal (Pajouhesh and Sazandegi), 30 (115): 117-126 (In Persian).
Gupta, N., Ahlawat, S., Kumar, D., Gupta, S., Pandey, A. and Malik, G. 2007. Single nucleotide polymorphism in growth hormone gene exon-4 and exon-5 using PCR-SSCP in Black Bengal goats-A prolific meat breed of India. Meat Science, 76(4): 658-665.
Gupta, N., Pandey, A., Malik, G. and Gupta, S. 2009. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in growth hormone gene of Jakhrana, a prominent milk goat breed in India. Small Ruminant Research, 81(1): 35-41.
Hall, T. 2004. BioEdit v. 7.0. 1. Department of Microbiology, North Carolina State University.
Hedayat Evrigh, N., Ashtianin Miraei, S. R., Moradi Shahrebabak, M. and Maghsoodi, S. M. 2016. Characterization and diversity of growth hormone gene sequences in Iranian dromedary and Bactrian Camels. Iranian Journal of Animal Science, 46(4): 399-406 (In Persian).
Hernandez, N., Martínez-González, J., Parra-Bracamonte, G., Sifuentes-Rincón, A., López-Villalobos, N., Morris, S. and Meza-García, L. 2016. Association of polymorphisms in growth hormone and leptin candidate genes with live weight traits of Brahman cattle. Genetics and Molecular Research: GMR, 15(3): gmr.15038449.
Hua, G., Chen, S., Yu, J., Cai, K., Wu, C., Li, Q. and Geng, L. 2009. Polymorphism of the growth hormone gene and its association with growth traits in Boer goat bucks. Meat Science, 81(2): 391-395.
Hull, K. L. and Harvey, S. 2014. Growth hormone and reproduction: a review of endocrine and autocrine/paracrine interactions. International Journal of Endocrinology, 4: 1-25.
Karimi, V., Hedayet Evrigh, N., Seyed Sharifi, R., Nikbin, S. and Zahedi Y. 2017. Detection of polymorphism of Kappa casein gene in Iranian Khalkhali goats. Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research, 9(2): 229-239 (In Persian).
Kelly, PA., Bachelot, A., Kedzia, C., Hennighausen, L., Ormandy, C. J., Kopchick, J. J. and Binart, N. 2002. The role of prolactin and growth hormone in mammary gland development. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, 197(1-2): 127-31.
Khatami Nejhad, R., Yousefi, S. and Azari, M. A. 2014. Analysis of growth hormone gene in alpine and saanen goats using PCR-SSCP method. Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science, 4(1): 201-203.
Kumari, R., Kumar, R., Meena, A., Jyotsana, B., Prince, L. and Kumar, S. 2014. Genetic polymorphism of growth hormone gene in native sheep breeds of India. Indian Journal of Small Ruminants, 20(2): 15-18.
Li, G., Wu, H., Fu, M. and Zhou, Z. 2011. Novel single nucleotide polymorphisms of GnRHR gene and their association with litter size in goats. Arch Tierzucht Dummerstor, 54(6): 618-624.
Librado, P. and Rozas, J. 2009. DnaSP v5: a software for comprehensive analysis of DNA polymorphism data. Bioinformatics, 25(11): 1451-1452.
Malveiro, E., Pereira, M., Marques, P., Santos, I., Belo C., Renaville, R. and Cravador, A. 2001. Polymorphisms at the five exons of the growth hormone gene in the algarvia goat: possible association with milk traits. Small Ruminant Research, 41(2): 163-170.
Marques, P., Pereira, M., Marques, M. R., Santos, I., Belo, C., Renaville, R. and Cravador, A. 2003. Association of milk traits with SSCP polymorphisms at the growth hormone gene in the Serrana goat. Small Ruminant Research, 50(1): 177-185.
Mosavi, A., Mohamamd Abadi, M. R., Nasiri, M. R., Ghiasi, H. and Esmaeilzadeh, A. 2016. Investigation of polymprphism of growth hormone gene in Tali goat using PCR-SSCP. Journal of Iranian Biotechnology, 7(1): 51-53.
Ncube, K., Mdladla, K., Dzomba, E. and Muchadeyi, F. 2016. Targeted high‐throughput growth hormone 1 gene sequencing reveals high within breed genetic diversity in South African goats. Animal Genetics, 47(3): 382-385.
Otsuka, F., McTavish, K. J. and Shimasaki, S. 2011. Integral role of GDF‐9 and BMP‐15 in ovarian function. Molecular Reproduction and Developmen, 78(1): 9-21.
Perry, J. K., Mohankumar, K. M., Emerald, B. S., Mertani, H. C. and Lobie, P. E. 2008. The contribution of growth hormone to mammary neoplasia. Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia, 13(1): 131-45.
Singh, P., Tomar, S., Thakur, M. and Kumar, A. 2015. Polymorphism and association of growth hormone gene with growth traits in Sirohi and Barbari breeds of goat, Veterinary World, 8(3): 382-387.
Starbuck, M. J., Inskeep, E. K. and Dailey, R A. 2006. Effect of a single growth hormone (rbST) treatment at breeding on conception rates and pregnancy retention in dairy and beef cattle. Animal Reprodoction Science, 93(3-4): 349-59.
Thomas, N., Venkatachalapathy, T., Aravindakshan, T. and Raghavan, K. 2016. Molecular cloning, SNP detection and association analysis of 5′ flanking region of the goat IGF1 gene with prolificacy. Animal Reproduction Science, 167: 8-15.
Zhang, C., Liu, Y., Huang, K., Zeng, W., Xu, D., Wen, Q. and Yang, L. 2011. The association of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in growth hormone (GH) gene with litter size and superovulation response in goat-breeds. Genetics and Molecular Biology, 34(1): 49-55.