Citrus Cachexia disease caused by Hop stunt viroid is one of the important economic diseases of citrus plants that can lead to non-compensable damage in citrus orchards. In order to detection and distribution of HSVD in orang orchards such as Valencia, Tamson, Washington and Blood variety oranges in the Mazandaran province sampling was done during 2019-2020 horticultural season. A 173 numbers was accidently harvested from sampling regions. RNA extraction was done from leaf tissue using Trizol reagents. Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) method with specific primers was used to identification of viroid. The results of this research showed that viroid agents was practically identified in majority of sampling area. The average distribution of disease was determined as 45.06 percent that of all the maximum distribution (72.2%) was related to Saroo village. In the Bahanmir, Chaloos and Fereidonkenar regions, the viroid agent was not detected. Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) pattern showed the different isolates of viroid in sampling regions. Phyllogenetic analysis of obtained sequences showed the isolated are divided into 4 genetic groups that the first and second group are heterogenic and other two groups are monogeneic. Based on these results, it can be concluded that changes in the secondary structures of circular mRNA molecule of hop stunt viroid strain in the different host could lead to spread of viroid host range.