بهبود جوانه‌زنی بذور فندق (Corylus avellana L.) با استفاده از شرایط درون‌شیشه‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اصلاح نباتات، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 دانشیار گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

چکیده

فندق یکی از مهم‌ترین محصولات خشکباری جهان است و ایران مقام هشتم را در تولید جهانی این محصول دارد. تولید گیاه فندق از طریق بذر جهت برنامه‏های اصلاحی، معمولاً به‌دلیل پوسته چوبی و خواب بذر به‌ندرت صورت می‌گیرد. کشت درون‌شیشه‌ای بذور می‌تواند روش مناسبی جهت تکثیر فندق در مدت زمان کوتاه و نیز تولید پایه‌های بذری اصلاح شده باشد. برای این منظور، در این پژوهش اثر نور (تاریکی و تاریکی- روشنایی)، پیش‌تیمار (سرما و اسیدجیبرلیک)، حالت کشت بذر (بذر کامل و بذر نیمه)، و نوع محیط‌کشت (MS,  MS, WPM, RMS)، روی صفات درصد جوانه‌زنی، طول ریشه و ارتفاع نوساقه بررسی شدند. نتایج نشان داد که جوانه‏زنی بذور فندق تنها در تاریکی صورت گرفته و اعمال پیش‌تیمار سرمایی، در دمای C° 7- به‌مدت یک هفته و سپس کشت بذر نیمه در محیط کشت MS، بیشترین میزان جوانه‌زنی بذر را داشت، در حالی‌که بیشترین طول ریشه (cm 8/10) از طریق کشت بذر کامل در محیط‌کشت MS بدون پیش تیمارهای سرمایی و اسیدجیبرلیک حاصل شد. بلندترین ارتفاع نوساقه (cm 9/6) نیز از طریق کشت بذر کامل در محیط‌کشت RMS بدون پیش تیمار بدست آمد. در این پژوهش همچنین، جوانه‌زنی در شرایط درون‌شیشه‌ای با شرایط کشت در گلدان مقایسه شد و نتایج نشان داد که شرایط درون‏شیشه‌ای با 6/56% جوانه‏زنی، نسبت به شرایط برون‏شیشه‏ای با 33/3% جوانه‏زنی، به‌طور بسیار معنی‌داری موجب بهبود جوانه‌زنی فندق شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Improvement Of seed Germination of Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) by Using In Vitro Conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • SARA ALSADAT RAHPEYMA 1
  • ahmad moieni 2
  • MOKHTAR JALALI JAVARAN 2
1 Ph.D. student in plant breeding engineering, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University
چکیده [English]

The hazelnut is one of the major world nut crops and Iran stands in eighth place of its word production. This plant usually is propagated by layering and seed propagation of hazelnut is done rarely owing to hard seed coat and internal dormancy of the seeds. In vitro seed germination can be useful to hazelnut propagation in short time and production of improved cultivars. In this experiment, the effects of light (darkness, light-darkness), pretreatment (cold and GA3), seed form (complete and halved seed) and medium (MS, 1412">  MS, WPM and RMS) have been investigated on seed germination, root length and shoot height. The results showed that seed germination of hazelnut occurred only in darkness and the culture of halved seeds after cold pretreatment on 1412">  MS had the maximum seed germination, while the highest root length (10.8 cm) was obtained by complete seed in MS medium and without pretreatment (control). Also, the maximum height of the shoots (6.9 cm) was obtained by complete seed in RMS medium and without pretreatment. Overall, in vitro culture of the hazelnut seeds, in comparison with classic seed culture in pot, improved the seed germination and the plant production.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hazelnuts
  • Corylus avellana L
  • germination
  • Pretreatment and Medium

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