ردیابی و بررسی اثر ویروس لکه حلقوی بافت مرده هسته‌دارها بر جوانه‌زنی دانه گرده آلوده در بادام

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد

2 استاد گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد

3 استادیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد

4 پژوهشگر بخش بیماری‌های گیاهی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی شهرکرد، شهرکرد

چکیده

ویروس لکه حلقوی بافت مرده هسته ­دارها (Prunus necrotic ringspot virus, PNRSV)، یکی ازمخرب­ترین ویروس­های گیاهی است که می­تواند باعث کاهش رشد و عملکرد در درختان میوه هسته ­دار شود. در این مطالعه شیوع این بیماری در درختان بادام با هدف شناسایی مطمئن این ویروس با دو روش RT-PCR و الایزا در باغ ­های بادام منطقه ­ی سامان در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری و تاثیر آن بر جوانه ­زنی دانه گرده بررسی شد. 100 درخت از ارقام مامایی، ربیع و سفید انتخاب و نمونه ­هایی از آنها در سه ماه فروردین، تیر و مهر در سال زراعی 89-1388 جمع­آوری گردید. پس از تایید آلودگی در نمونه­ ها با آزمون الایزا به روش مستقیم و روش RT-PCR، دانه ­های گرده رقم سفید تحت شرایط آزمایشگاهی کشت شدند و درصد جوانه زنی دانه­ های گرده آلوده و سالم مقایسه شد. نتایج نشان داد تنها   34 درصد دانه گرده درخت آلوده قادر به جوانه زنی هستند. همچنین مشخص گردید زمان نمونه ­برداری در ردیابی ویروس اهمیت داشته و بهترین زمان نمونه­ برداری برای آشکارسازی ویروس فروردین ماه تعیین شد. مقایسه دو روش RT-PCR و الایزا نشان داد که حساسیت RT-PCR در آشکارسازی بیماری لکه حلقوی بافت مرده هسته ­دارها بیشتر از آزمون الایزا می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Detection and Investigation of Prunus necrotic ring spot virus Effect on Germination of Infected Pollen Grain in Almond

نویسندگان [English]

  • Azam Nikbakht 1
  • Behrouz Shiran 2
  • Vahid Rouhi 3
  • Ghobad Babaie 4
  • Sadollah Hoshmand 2
1 M.Sc. of Plant Breeding, Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord
2 Professor, Department of Plant Breeding Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Shahrekord, Shahrekord
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord
4 Scientific staff of Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center of Shahrekord, Shahrekord
چکیده [English]

Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) is one of the most devastating viruses that can affect stone fruit production. By considering negative impact of PNRSV on production of almond, objective of the present study was to develop a consistent and reliable method to detect PNRSV for studying the effect of it on pollen germination in the most important almond cultivars grown commercially in Saman region in Chahar Mahal va Bakhtiari province. One hundred almond trees of Mamaii, Rabii and Sefid cultivars were selected randomly during March, June and September of 2008 to 2009 and some parts of them as samples were checked by using ELISA and RT-PCR for the presence of PNRSV. Then healthy and infected pollen of Sefid cultivar were germinatad in vitro and compared pollen germination. Studying on the effect of PNRSV on germination of pollen grain, showed reduction of the germination capacity (34%) of infected pollen grain. In addition, Comparing ELISA test, RT-PCR was found more sensitive in detecting PNRSV. Detection of PNRSV by ELISA was most sensitive when plant material was collected in March, therefore sampling time was an important factor for detection of PNRSV. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Almond
  • Pollen germination
  • Stone fruit viruses
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