بررسی ارتباط بین فاصله ژنتیکی والدین با تظاهر هتروزیس در آفتابگردان تحت شرایط آبیاری نرمال و تنش کم‌آبی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه

چکیده

آفتابگردان از جمله محصولات مهم زراعی در دنیا می­باشد که تولید بذر هیبرید آن دارای اهمیت اقتصادی فراوانی است. از مهم­ترین مراحل تولید بذر هیبرید، آگاهی از هتروزیس و شناسایی ترکیبات والدینی برتر است که مرحله ­ای زمان­بر و پرهزینه می ­باشد. در این مطالعه ارتباط بین فاصله ژنتیکی بر­اساس نشانگر ریزماهواره با تظاهر هتروزیس در آفتابگردان بررسی گردید. تعداد پنج لاین آفتابگردان به­ صورت دی­آلل ۵ × ۵ یک­ طرفه تلاقی داده شد و سپس والدین و نتاج آنها در قالب طرح بلوک­ های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار به­ طور جداگانه در شرایط محیطی آبیاری و تنش کم ­آبی در گلخانه کشت گردیدند. عملکرد دانه و محتوی نسبی آب برگ در هر تکرار اندازه ­گیری گردید. فاصله ژنتیکی جاکارد بین لاین­ های والدی با استفاده از ۳۱ مکان ریزماهواره­ای محاسبه گردید. فاصله ژنتیکی بین 0/58 تا 0/82 متغیر بود. براساس فواصل ژنتیکی محاسبه شده، ژنوتیپ ­های والدی مورد مطالعه در سه گروه قرار گرفتند. ارتباط فواصل ژنتیکی به­ دست آمده با ترکیب ­پذیری خصوصی و هتروزیس میانگین والدین برای صفات عملکرد دانه و محتوی آب نسبی برگ در هر یک از شرایط آبیاری، مورد آزمون قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که نشانگر ریزماهواره می تواند به­ طور مؤثری در تشخیص چندشکلی و فاصله ژنتیکی بین لاین­های والدی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. ارتباط فاصله ژنتیکی مبتنی بر نشانگر ریزماهواره با هتروزیس میانگین والدین و ترکیب­پذیری خصوصی برای صفات مورد ارزیابی معنی­ دار نبوده و فاقد کارایی لازم در پیش­ بینی هتروزیس می ­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Relationship of Parental Genetic Distance with Heterosis Appearance in Sunflower under Well-Watered and Water-Stressed Status

نویسنده [English]

  • Hamid Hatami Maleki
Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh
چکیده [English]

Sunflower is one of the most important field crop over the world which it`s hybrid seed production is very important. Knowledge about heterosis and identification of superior parental combination is major step in producing hybrid seed that is time consuming process and expensive. Current study was aimed to investigate the relationship between genetic distances based on simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers with heterosis to provide the prediction of hybrids performance regarding to genetic distance. In present study, five sunflower inbred lines were crossed in 5×5 half diallel design and then, parental lines and their progenies were investigated using a randomized complete block design with three replications in both normal and water stress states in greenhouse. The Jaccard genetic distances among parental lines were calculated using 31SSR markers. Genetic distances were varied between 0.58 and 0.82. Based on calculated genetic distances, parental genotypes were located in three groups. Significant or nonsignificant relationships of obtained genetic distances with specific combining abilities and mid parent heterosis for seed yield and relative water content were tested in both states. Results revealed that microsatellite markers could be effectively used to fingerprinting and identification of genetic distance between parental lines. Result showed that relationship between genetic distance based on microsatellite marker with mid parent heterosis and specific combining ability for evaluated traits were not significant and have no efficiency in prediction of heterosis. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Microsatellite marker
  • Heterosis
  • Specific combining ability
  • Leaf relative water content
  • Grain yield

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دوفصلنامه فن آوری زیستی در کشاورزی(علمی-پژوهشی)
دوره 7، شماره 1
خرداد 1395
صفحه 9-15

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