مکان‌یابی QTLهای برخی از صفات رشدی در گیاهچه‌های آفتابگردان تحت شرایط تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه اصلاح و بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه

2 استاد، گروه اصلاح و بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه

3 استادیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه

4 استادیار گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام

چکیده

شوری یکی از مهم‌ترین تنش‌های غیر‌زیستی است که تولید محصولات زراعی را محدود می‌نماید. به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف شوری (صفر، 2، 4، 6 و 8 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر) بر صفات رشدی گیاهچه‌های آفتابگردان و تجزیه ژنتیکی این صفات در رابطه با تحمل به شوری، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی انجام گرفت. در این مطالعه، طول ریشه‌چه و ساقه‌چه، وزن تر ریشه‌چه و ساقه‌چه و وزن خشک ریشه‌چه و ساقه‌چه در گیاهچه‌ها ارزیابی شدند. نتایج نشان داد که بین لاین‌ها در سطوح مختلف شوری، از نظر تمامی صفات مورد مطالعه تفاوت معنی‌دار (P≤0.05) وجود دارد. به‌منظور تجزیه ژنتیکی صفات گیاه‌چه در رابطه با تحمل به شوری در گیاهچه‌های آفتابگردان، از نقشه پیوستگیSSR/SNP  با 221 نشانگر و متوسط فاصله 44/7 سانتی‌مورگان بین نشانگرها استفاده گردید. نتایج مکان‌یابی ژنی نشان داد که در سطوح شوری صفر، 2، 4، 6 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر به‌ترتیب 18، 13، 4 و 10 QTL در کنترل صفات رشدی آفتابگردان نقش دارند. در این مطالعه، در سطح شوری 8 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر به دلیل عدم جوانه‌زنی گیاهچه‌ها، هیچ ‌QTLای یافت نشد. مهم‌ترین QTL‌های شناسایی شده با بالاترین مقدار درصد تغییرات فنوتیپی توجیه شده در سطوح شوری صفر، 2، 4، 6 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر به‌ترتیب مربوط به صفات وزن تر ریشه‌چه (72/61%)، طول ریشه‌چه (34/59% و 37%) و وزن خشک ساقه‌چه (39/21%) بود. نتایج نشان داد که QTL‌های هم‌مکان برای صفات مختلف در چندین گروه پیوستگی پراکنده هستند که وجود چنین حالتی می‌تواند موجب افزایش کارآیی انتخاب به کمک نشانگر و پیش‌برد برنامه‌های به‌نژادی گیاهی شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

QTLs Mapping of some Growth Traits in Sunflower Seedlings under Salinity Stress Conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fariba Morsali Aghajari 1
  • Reza Darvishzadeh 2
  • Mohsen Barin 3
  • Ali Ashghar Hatamnia 4
1 M.Sc. Graduated, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Urmia, Urmia
2 Professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Urmia, Urmia
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Urmia, Urmia
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Ilam, Ilam
چکیده [English]

Salinity is one of the important abiotic stresses, which limit the crop production. In order to study the effect of several salinity levels (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 (dS/m)), exerted by NaCl, on some growth traits of sunflower line and genetic analysis of several traits related to salinity tolerance, A factorial experiment carried out based on RCBD. In this study, some growth traits incuding shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight and root dry weight were evaluated in seedings. Results revealed statistical significant difference among RILs in several salinity levels. To genetic analysis of tolerance to salinity in sunflower seedlings, linkage map of SSR/SNP with 221 markers and average distance of 7.44 CM between markers used. Results of gene mapping manifested 18, 13, 4 and 10 QTLs in salinity levels of 0, 2, 4 and 6 (dS/m) for studied characteristics. In the salinity level of 8 (dS/m) due to lack of germination of seedlings, no QTL was found. The most significant QTLs with high explained phenotypic varition in salinity levels of zero, 2, 4, 6 dS/m were identified for root fresh weight (61.72%), root length (59.34 and 37%) and shoot dry weight (21.39%), respectively. Results showed some co-localized QTLs for several characteristics, which dispersed in some linkage groups. The co-localized QTLs could lead to increase the efficiency of marker-assisted selection in plant breeding programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sunflower
  • Oil seed
  • Salt stress
  • Genetic linkage map
  • QTL
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