تنوع آللی زیرواحدهای گلوتنین با وزن مولکولی بالا در برخی ارقام گندم نان با استفاده از نشانگرهای آلل اختصاصی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند

2 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی‌ارشد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند

چکیده

پروتئین‌های ذخیره‌ای آندوسپرم از مهم‌ترین عوامل موثر بر کیفیت دانه گندم می‌باشند. زیرواحدهای گلوتنین با وزن مولکولی بالا (HMW-GS) نقش کلیدی را در شکل و ساختار گلوتن بازی می­کنند و ارتباط تنگاتنگی با کیفیت گندم دارند. جهت بررسی تنوع آللی در مکان‌های ژنی کدکننده زیرواحدهای گلوتنین با وزن مولکولی بالا در 25 رقم از گندم‌های نان ایرانی و استرالیایی، نه جفت آغازگر آلل اختصاصی برای مکان‌های ژنی (Glu-A1،Glu-B1وGlu-D1) به‌کار گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد که برای مکان ژنی Glu-A1، سه آلل (AxNull، Ax1 و Ax2*) شناسایی گردیدند که در بین آن‌ها بیش‌ترین فراوانی مربوط به آلل Ax2* با فراوانی 56 درصد بود. برای مکان ژنی Glu-B1 در مجموع شش آلل شناسایی شدند، که ترکیب آللی Bx7+By8با فراوانی 32 درصد بیش‌ترین فراوانی را داشت. برای مکان ژنی Glu-D1، در مجموع دو آلل شناسایی شد که ترکیب آللی Dx2+Dy12 با فراوانی 82 درصد بیش‌ترین فراوانی را در بین آلل‌های شناسایی شده به خود اختصاص داد. در نهایت رتبه‌بندی ژنوتیپ‌ها براساس سیستم امتیازدهی پی‌فلاگر به‌منظور پیش‌بینی کیفیت پخت نان نشان داد که اکثر ژنوتیپ‌های مورد بررسی رتبه 8، 9 و 10 را داشتند که نشان‌دهنده‌ی کیفیت پخت نان خوب تا عالی آن‌ها است. نتایج تجزیه خوشه‌ای براساس زیرواحدهای مختلف نیز این ارقام با کیفیت بالا را در یک گروه مجزا قرار داد. از تنوع شناسایی شده در این پژوهش می‌توان به‌عنوان منبع با ارزش تنوع آللی در برنامه‌های اصلاحی گزینش به کمک نشانگر به‌منظور بهبود کیفیت محصولات نهایی حاصل از گندم بهره برد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Allelic Variation of High Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits in Bread Wheat Cultivars Using Allele Specific Markers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Izanloo 1
  • Soheil Parsa 1
  • Mohammadghader Ghaderi 1
  • Somaye Pahlavani 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand
2 M.Sc. Graduated, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand
چکیده [English]

Endosperm storage proteins are important factors affecting wheat grain quality, so that high molecular weight glutenin subunits play a key role in the gluten formation and structure and are closely related to wheat quality. To investigate the allelic variation at the loci coding high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) among 25 bread wheat genotypes of, nine allele-specific primer pairs (Glu-A1, Glu-B1, Glu-D1) were used. Results showed that at the Glu-A1 locus, three allele (AxNull, Ax1 and Ax2*) were identified. The highest frequency belonged to allele Ax2* (56%). At the Glu-B1 locus, six alleles were detected, totally. The allelic combination of Bx7CD+By8 was 32% in frequency which showed the highest frequency. At the Glu-D1 locus, two alleles were detected. At this locus, allelic combination of Dx2­+Dy12 had the highest frequency of 82% among the detected alleles. The Pfluger scoring system was utilized to score Glutenin composition. The studied genotypes showed different allelic combinations with a different level of quality score. Most of genotypes were ranked as good to excellent bread-making quality. Cluster analysis grouped all high quality cultivars in a separate cluster. The variations identified in this study can be a valuable resource of allelic diversity for breeding programs to improve the quality of wheat.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Allelic combination
  • Marker assisted selection
  • Wheat quality

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دوفصلنامه فن آوری زیستی در کشاورزی(علمی-پژوهشی)
دوره 7، شماره 2
آذر 1395
صفحه 105-116

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