اثر مصرف کود فسفر و نیتروژن بر بیان ژن‎های Ta-PHR1 و Ta-PHO2، عملکرد دانه و صفات وابسته در گندم نان

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

2 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

3 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

فسفر یکی از مهم‌ترین عناصر مورد نیاز گیاهان می‎باشد و نقش آن در فرایند تولید و انتقال انرژی است، درنتیجه حفظ و نگهداری فسفر و پاسخ به کمبود مقدار آن در گیاه به‌منظور حفظ و افزایش عملکرد ضروری می‌باشد. به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر مصرف کود فسفر و نیتروژن بر بیان ژن‎های Ta-PHR1 و Ta-PHO2 و افزایش عملکرد دانه در برخی از ژنوتیپ‌های گندم، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل-اسپلیت پلات در قالب بلوک‎های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام گرفت. تیمارها شامل دو سطح کود نیتروژن شاهد (0) و 150 کیلوگرم در هکتار و دو سطح کود فسفر شاهد (0) و 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار به‌عنوان عامل اصلی و چهار ژنوتیپ گندم (رقم مروارید و لاین‌های امید بخش N80-19، T-67-60 و T-65-7-1) به‌عنوان عامل فرعی بودند. به‌منظور اندازه‌گیری عملکرد دانه و اجزای آن در مرحله رسیدگی نمونه‌برداری صورت گرفت و برای ارزیابی میزان بیان ژن‎های موردمطالعه نمونه‌برداری در مرحله پرشدن دانه‎ها صورت گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که بیش‌ترین میزان عملکرد دانه در شرایط مصرف توأم کود نیتروژن و فسفر حاصل گردید و سایر اجزای عملکرد (فاصله میان‌گره، طول سنبله، طول ساقه، تعداد پنجه بارور، تعداد کل پنجه، تعداد دانه، قطر دانه، طول دانه، وزن هزاردانه) نیز در این تیمار بالاترین مقدار را داشتند. هم‌چنین در بین ژنوتیپ‌ها رقم مروارید و لاین N80-19 عملکرد بهتری در هر دو شرایط مصرف و عدم‌مصرف کود داشتند. بیش‌ترین بیان ژن  Ta-PHR1در رقم مروارید و لاین T-65-7-1 بود. هم‌چنین مصرف کود فسفر و نیتروژن بر روی تمام صفات مورد بررسی به جز قطر دانه تأثیر مثبت و معنی‌داری داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphor Fertilizer Usage on Ta-PHR1, Ta-PHO2 Gene Expression, Yield and Related Traits in Bread Wheat

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeid Navabpour 1
  • Ameneh Ghasemh Mesrami 2
  • Abolfazl Mazandarani 3
1 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 MSc Graduated, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3 MSc Graduated, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology (IUT), Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Phosphor is one of the most important element in wheat. It has crucial role in yield production and transfer energy process. Therefore, supplying of phosphors in order to yield consistency is necessarily. In order to investigate the effect of using phosphor and nitrogen fertilizer on Ta-PHR1 and Ta-PHO2 gene expiration as well as yield and related traits, experiment carried out by using factorial split plot format in randomized complete block design with three replications. Main plot was included factorial combination of two level of nitrogen fertilizer (0 and 150kg/ha) and two level of phosphor fertilizer (0 and 100kg/ha), sub plot was included four wheat genotypes (Morvarid variety and N80-19, T-67-60, T-65-7-1 promising lines). The yield and related traits were measured at final stage of maturity and gene expression was assessed at grain filing stage. The results showed the most yield and most related traits (distance between node, spike length, shoot length, fertile tiller number, total tiller number, seed number, seed diameter, seed length, 1000 seed weight) were reached at using both nitrogen and phosphor treatment. Also, Morvarid variety and N80-19 line have more yield in both combined treatment (using both nitrogen and phosphor fertilizer) and in control condition (using no fertilizer). The most gene expression of Ta-PHR1 was assessed on Morvarid variety and T-65-7-1 line respectively. Also, usage of fertilizer had positive and significant effect on all studied traits except seed diameter.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Yield component
  • Gene expression
  • Seed Filling
  • Fertilizer treatment

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دوفصلنامه فن آوری زیستی در کشاورزی(علمی-پژوهشی)
دوره 9، شماره 2
آذر 1397
صفحه 29-39

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