مکان یابی ژن های کنترل کننده عملکرد دانه و صفات مرتبط با خصوصیات دانه در ژنوم آفتابگردان

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد اصلاح نباتات، گروه اصلاح و بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه

2 دانشیاران گروه اصلاح و بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه

3 استاد گروه بیوتکنولوژی و به نژادی گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز

4 استادیار گروه زراعت دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه

5 مربی هنرستان کشاورزی شهید دکتر بهشتی ارومیه، ارومیه

چکیده

یکی از روش­های نوین برای اصلاح گیاهان و تولید ارقام جدید مشخص­نمودن ژن­های کنترل­کننده صفات کمی با استفاده از نشانگرهایDNA  به­منظور استفاده در گزینش به­کمک نشانگر است. در این مطالعه،جمعیت ژنتیکی شامل 70 لاین خویش آمیخته نوترکیب حاصل از تلاقی لاین PAC2 (والد مادری) و لاین RH266 (والد پدری) با هدف شناسایی مکان­های ژنی (QTLهای) مرتبط با عملکرد دانه و صفات مرتبط با خصوصیات دانه از قبیل طول، عرض و قطر دانه، وزن صد دانه و درصد پوسته و درصد مغز دانه در آفتابگردان، در قالب طرح لاتیس مستطیل در دو تکرار کشت گردیدند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس طرح لاتیس اختلاف معنی­دار بین ژنوتیپ­ها برای تمامی صفات مورد مطالعه نشان داد. برای شناسایی QTLها، از یک نقشه پیوستگی با 210 نشانگر SSR و 11 نشانگرSNP  با درجه اشباع یک نشانگر در 44/7 سانتی­مورگان استفاده شد. نتایج مکان­یابی ژنی نشان داد که 31 QTL در کنترل ژنتیکی صفات مورد مطالعه نقش دارند. 54 درصد QTLهای شناسایی شده برای صفات مورد بررسی هم مکان بودند. درصد تغییرات فنوتیپی توجیه­شده توسط QTLهای شناسایی شده بین 05/0 الی 13/64 درصد متغیر بود. نشانگر ORS169 با ژن­های کنترل­کننده عملکرد تک­بوته و قطر دانه پیوسته بود. شناسایی QTLهای هم مکان می­تواند باعث افزایش کارآیی انتخاب به­کمک نشانگر و پیشبرد برنامه­های اصلاحی شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Mapping Genes Controlling Seed Yield and Traits Associated with Seed Characteristics in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Genome

نویسندگان [English]

  • nader eyvaznezhad ha 1
  • reza darvishzadeh 2
  • iraj bernosi 2
  • mohammd moghadam 3
  • hashem hadi 4
  • mahdi rahimi 5
چکیده [English]

One of the new methods in cultivar development is identification of DNA markers associated with genes controlling traits in order to use in marker assisted selection. In the present work, in order to identify QTLs associated with grain yield per plant andseed characteristics traits such as whole seed length, whole seed width, whole seed diameter, 100- whole seed weight, percentage of seed hull anddehulled kernel in sunflower, 70 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from the crossbetween PAC2 × RHA266 together with their parents were evaluated in a rectangular8´9 lattice design with two replications. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes for all studied traits. QTL-mapping was performed using a recently developed map with 210 SSRs and 11 SNPs with a mean density of 1 marker per 7.44cM. 31 QTLs were detected for the studied traits. 54 percent of identified QTLs were co-localized. The percentage of phenotypic variance (R2) explained by QTLs ranged from 0.05 to 64.13%. The SSR markers ORS169 encompassing the QTLs for grain yield per plant and whole seed diameter could be good candidates for marker assisted selection.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Oily sunflower
  • Recombinant inbred lines
  • Linkage map
  • QTL identification

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