شناسایی گونه‌های Fusarium در استان لرستان با استفاده از ناحیه بین ژنی فاصله‌گذار رونویسی‌شونده درونی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری بیماریشناسی گیاهی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران

2 دانشیار بیماریشناسی گیاهی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران

چکیده

باتوجه به اهمیت کشت گندمیان در حوزه زاگرس، کشت مکرر و غالب اکثر مزارع این مناطق را گیاهان این خانواده به خود اختصاص می‌دهند. از میان میکروارگانیسم‌های مختلف، گونه‌های قارچ Fusarium از مهم‌ترین عوامل بیماری‌زا در این محصولات می‌باشند. در سال‌های 1394 تا 1395 با هدف تعیین گونه‌های مختلف Fusarium همراه با ریشه و طوقه گندمیان در استان لرستان، از گیاهان زراعی و غیرزراعی مزارع غلات و مراتع مختلف در این استان نمونه‌برداری به‌عمل آمد. نمونه‌برداری از گیاهان دارای علایم پوسیدگی طوقه و ریشه یا تغییر رنگ در این ناحیه انجام و جداسازی عامل قارچی موردنظر با استفاده از محیط‌های کشت اختصاصی صورت گرفت. شناسایی جدایه‌ها با استفاده از ریخت‌شناسی و کلیدهای شناسایی و تعیین توالی بخشی از ژنوم شامل ناحیه فاصله‌گذار رونویسی‌شونده درونی (Internal Transcribed Spacer) انجام شد. در این مطالعه 13 گونه از جنس Fusarium شامل F. acuminatum، F. avenaceum، F. crookwellense، F. culmorum، F. equiseti، F. ensiforme، F. falciforme، F. fujikuroi، F. longipes، F. nygamai، F. proliferatum، F. reticulatum، F. scirpi، F. solani و F. tricinctum شناسایی گردید. نتایج نشان داد گونه F. proliferatum بیش‌ترین فراوانی را در این استان دارد. گونه F. ensiforme برای نخستین بار از ایران گزارش می‌شود و برای فلور ایران جدید است. هم‌چنین این نخستین گزارش از F. falciforme از ریشه گندم در ایران می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification of Fusarium Species in Lorestan Province by Internal Transcribed Spacer Intergenic Area

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sara Siahpoush 1
  • Mostafa Darvishnia 2
1 PhD Student of Plant Pathology, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khoram Abad, Iran
2 Associate Professor of Plant Pathology, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khoram Abad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Due to importance of poaceae plants in Zagros zone, these crops allocated frequent cultivated crops in most fields of this area. Among different microorganisms, Fusarium species are one of the important pathogens in these crops. During 2015-2016, to determine Fusarium species associated with root and crown of poaceae crops in Lorestan province, crop and non-crop plants in cereal fields and rangelands of Lorestan were collected. Sampling was conducted from plants with crown and root rot symptoms or with color changing of this area, and desired agent was isolated by selective media. Isolates were identified by morphology and identification keys, and sequencing of Internal Transcribed Spacer. In this study, 13 Fusarium species were identified as follows: F. acuminatum, F. avenaceum, F. crookwellense, F. culmorum, F. equiseti, F. ensiforme, F. falciforme, F. fujikuroi, F. longipes, F. nygamai, F. proliferatum, F. reticulatum, F. scirpi, F. solani, and F. tricinctum. Results showed that F. proliferatum is most frequent in this province. F. ensiforme is reported for the first time from Iran and it is new for Iran flora. Also this is the first report of F. falciforme from wheat root in Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Crown and root rot
  • Morphology
  • Poaceae
  • Lorestan
  • Fusarium

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دوفصلنامه فن آوری زیستی در کشاورزی(علمی-پژوهشی)
دوره 9، شماره 2
آذر 1397
صفحه 61-67

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